w3pop.com :: 网络学院 http://www.w3pop.com/learn/ 网络生活、学习、交流 Javascript在IE和FireFox中的不同表现 http://www.w3pop.com/learn/view/doc/js_ie_firefox_different_behave/ 1.document.formName.item("itemName") 问题
说明:IE下,可以使用document.formName.item("itemName")或document.formName.elements["elementName"];Firefox下,只能使用document.formName.elements["elementName"].
解决方法:统一使用document.formName.elements["elementName"].

2.集合类对象问题
说明:IE下,可以使用()或[]获取集合类对象;Firefox下,只能使用[]获取集合类对象.
解决方法:统一使用[]获取集合类对象.

3.自定义属性问题
说明:IE下,可以使用获取常规属性的方法来获取自定义属性,也可以使用getAttribute()获取自定义属性;Firefox下,只能使用getAttribute()获取自定义属性.
解决方法:统一通过getAttribute()获取自定义属性.

4.eval("idName")问题
说明:IE下,,可以使用eval("idName")或getElementById("idName")来取得id为idName的HTML对象;Firefox下只能使用getElementById("idName")来取得id为idName的HTML对象.
解决方法:统一用getElementById("idName")来取得id为idName的HTML对象.

5.变量名与某HTML对象ID相同的问题
说明:IE下,HTML对象的ID可以作为document的下属对象变量名直接使用;Firefox下则不能.Firefox下,可以使用与HTML对象ID相同的变量名;IE下则不能。
解决方法:使用document.getElementById("idName")代替document.idName.最好不要取HTML对象ID相同的变量名,以减少错误;在声明变量时,一律加上var,以避免歧义.

7.input.type属性问题
说明:IE下input.type属性为只读;但是Firefox下input.type属性为读写.

9.event.x与event.y问题
说明:IE下,even对象有x,y属性,但是没有pageX,pageY属性;Firefox下,even对象有pageX,pageY属性,但是没有x,y属性.
解决方法:使用mX(mX = event.x ? event.x : event.pageX;)来代替IE下的event.x或者Firefox下的event.pageX.

10.event.srcElement问题
说明:IE下,event对象有srcElement属性,但是没有target属性;Firefox下,event对象有target属性,但是没有srcElement属性.
解决方法:使用obj(obj = event.srcElement ? event.srcElement : event.target;)来代替IE下的event.srcElement或者Firefox下的event.target.

13.frame问题
以下面的frame为例：
<frame src="xxx.html" id="frameId" name="frameName" />

(1)访问frame对象:
IE:使用window.frameId或者window.frameName来访问这个frame对象.
Firefox:只能使用window.frameName来访问这个frame对象.
另外，在IE和Firefox中都可以使用window.document.getElementById("frameId")来访问这个frame对象.

(2)切换frame内容:
在IE和Firefox中都可以使用window.document.getElementById("testFrame").src = "xxx.html"或window.frameName.location = "xxx.html"来切换frame的内容.

如果需要将frame中的参数传回父窗口，可以在frme中使用parent来访问父窗口。例如：parent.document.form1.filename.value="Aqing";

14.body问题
Firefox的body在body标签没有被浏览器完全读入之前就存在；而IE的body则必须在body标签被浏览器完全读入之后才存在.

例如：
Firefox：
<body>
<script type="text/javascript">
document.body.onclick = function(evt){
evt = evt || window.event;
alert(evt);
}
</script>
</body>
IE&Firefox：
<body>
</body>
<script type="text/javascript">
document.body.onclick = function(evt){
evt = evt || window.event;
alert(evt);
} </script>

15. 事件委托方法
IE：document.body.onload = inject; //Function inject()在这之前已被实现

Firefox：document.body.onload = inject();

有人说标准是：
document.body.onload=new Function('inject()');

16. firefox与IE(parentElement)的父元素的区别
IE：obj.parentElement
firefox：obj.parentNode

解决方法: 因为firefox与IE都支持DOM,因此使用obj.parentNode是不错选择.

17.innerText在IE中能正常工作，但是innerText在FireFox中却不行.
解决方法:
if(navigator.appName.indexOf("Explorer") > -1){

    document.getElementById('element').innerText = "my text";

} else{

    document.getElementById('element').textContent = "my text";

}

18. FireFox中类似 obj.style.height = imgObj.height 的语句无效
解决方法：
obj.style.height = imgObj.height + 'px';

19. ie,firefox以及其它浏览器对于 table 标签的操作都各不相同，在ie中不允许对table和tr的innerHTML赋值，使用js增加一个tr时，使用appendChile方法也不管用。
解决方法：
//向table追加一个空行：
var row = otable.insertRow(-1);
var cell = document.createElement("td");
cell.innerHTML = " ";
cell.className = "XXXX";
row.appendChild(cell);

20. padding 问题
padding 5px 4px 3px 1px FireFox无法解释简写,

必须改成 padding-top:5px; padding-right:4px; padding-bottom:3px; padding-left:1px;

21. 消除ul、ol等列表的缩进时
样式应写成:list-style:none;margin:0px;padding:0px;

其中margin属性对IE有效，padding属性对FireFox有效

22. CSS透明
IE：filter:progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.Alpha(style=0,opacity=60)。

FF：opacity:0.6。

23. CSS圆角
IE：不支持圆角。

FF： -moz-border-radius:4px，或者-moz-border-radius-topleft:4px;-moz-border- radius-topright:4px;-moz-border-radius-bottomleft:4px;-moz-border-radius- bottomright:4px;。

24. CSS双线凹凸边框
IE：border:2px outset;。

FF： -moz-border-top-colors: #d4d0c8 white;-moz-border-left-colors: #d4d0c8 white;-moz-border-right-colors:#404040 #808080;-moz-border-bottom-colors:#404040 #808080;

25．ie支持document.all 而firefox 不支持
改用下面三个tag的其中一个来代替document.all
getElementsByTagName("tagName") 可以得到得到所有标签元素的集合
getElementById("idName")          可以按id得到某一元素
getElementsByName("Name")            可以得到按name属性得到某一元素

26、firefox 中使用innerHTML 的方法
<div id="online"></div>
document.all.online.innerHTML; //这种方法在IE中可以使用，但不是标准方法
document.getElementById("online").innerHTML; //这样firefox就能使用innerHTML了

27、eval()与window.execScript()执行脚本
IE、firerox均支持eval()，firefox不支持window.execScript()

解决：统一使用eval()

28、对事件处理函数的重写
解决：（例）:如对document的onclick()重写，统一使用document.onclick = function(){…}

]]> IE和火狐读取XML方法比较 http://www.w3pop.com/learn/view/doc/transform_XML/ 一、IE读取XML
 var xmlDoc;  
  xmlDoc = new ActiveXObject( "Msxml2.DOMDocument" );
  xmlDoc.loadXML(xml);

//取的节点
 var points = xmlDoc.documentElement.getElementsByTagName("point");

//取得节点的内容值
 pointsIdea [I].childNodes[1].text

二、firefox读取XML

Firefox中创建一个XML DOM，需要调用document.implementation对象的createDocument()方法。该方法接受三个参数：第一个参数是包含文档所使用的命名空间URI的字符串；第二个参数是包含文档根元素名称的字符串；第三个参数是要创建的文档类型（也称为doctype）。如果要创建空的DOM文档，则代码如下所示：

var oXmlDom = document.implementation.createDocument("", "", null);

前两个参数是空字符串，第三个参数为null，这样可以确保生成一个彻底的空文档。事实上，现在Firefox中并不提供针对文档类型的JavaScript支持，所以第三个参数总是为null。如果要创建包含文档元素的XML DOM，那么可以在第二个参数中指定标签名称：

var oXmlDom = document.implementation.createDocument("", "books", null);

这段代码创建了一个XML DOM，其documentElement是<books/>。如果要创建包含指定命名空间的DOM，可以在第一个参数中指定命名空间URI：

var oXmlDom = document.implementation.createDocument("http://www.site1.com",

       "books", null);

当在createDocument()方法中指定命名空间时， Firefox会自动附上前缀a0以表示命名空间URI：

<a0:books xmlns:a0="http://www.site1.com" />

接着，你可以通过程序来填充XML文档，不过在一般情况下，还需要在空的XML DOM对象中载入现有的XML文档。

1. 在Firefox中载入XML数据

在Firefox中，将XML载入XML DOM的方法和微软采用的方法大致相同，只存在一个显著区别：Firefox只支持load()方法。因此，在这两种浏览器中载入外部XML数据的代码是相同的：

oXmlDom.load("books.xml");

与微软的IE一样，Firefox同样实现了async属性，该属性的行为也与其一致：将async设置为false，表示以同步模式载入文档；否则，以异步模式载入文档。

Firefox的XML DOM实现和微软的XML DOM实现还存在另一个不同，即Firefox不支持readyState属性及onreadystatechange事件处理函数。在Firefox中，支持load事件和onload事件处理函数。在文档完全载入后将触发load事件：

oXmlDom.load("books.xml");

oXmlDom.onload = function () {

    //文档完全载入后的操作

};

正如前面所说，在Firefox的XML DOM实现中，并没有loadXML()方法，不过通过Firefox中的DOMParser类可以模拟loadXML()的行为。该类有一个名为parseFromString()的方法，用来载入字符串并解析成文档：

var sXml = "<root><person><name>Jeremy McPeak</name></person></root>";

var oParser = new DOMParser();

var oXmlDom = oParser.parseFromString(sXml,"text/xml");

在这段代码中，创建了一个XML字符串，并作为参数传递给DOMParser的parseFromString()方法。parseFromString()方法的两个参数分别是XML字符串和数据的内容类型（一般设置为text/xml)。parseFromString()方法返回XML DOM对象，因此这里得到的oXmlDom与第一个例子相同。

2. 在Firefox中获取XML数据

尽管存在这样那样的不同，但IE和Firefox中用于获取文档中XML数据的大多数属性和方法是一致的。正如在IE中，可以使用documentElement属性来获取文档的根元素，例如：

var oRoot = oXmlDom.documentElement;

Firefox同样支持W3C标准属性，包括childNodes、firstChild、lastChild、nextSibling、nodeName、nodeType、nodeValue、ownerDocument、parentNode和previousSibling。不幸的是，对于微软专有的text和xml属性，Firefox并不支持，不过可以利用其他方法来模拟该属性的行为。

大家应该还记得，text属性返回了当前节点的内容，或者是当前节点及其子节点的内容。这不仅仅返回当前节点的文本，还有所有子节点的文本，因此要模拟该功能实现是十分容易的。下面这个简单的函数就能够完成该功能，该函数唯一的参数是一个节点：

function getText(oNode) {

    var sText = "";

    for (var i = 0; i < oNode.childNodes.length; i++) {

       if (oNode.childNodesIdea [I].hasChildNodes()) {

           sText += getText(oNode.childNodesIdea [I]);

       } else {

           sText += oNode.childNodesIdea [I].nodeValue;

       }

    }

    return sText;

}

在getText()函数中，sText变量用来保存获取的所有文本。接着对oNode的子节点使用for循环进行遍历，检查每个子节点是否包含子节点。如果有子节点，那么就将其childNode传给getText()函数，并进行同样的处理；如果没有子节点，那么将当前节点的nodeValue加到字符串中（对文本节点而言，这只是文本字符串）。处理了所有子节点后，该函数返回变量sText。

IE中的xml属性将存放对当前节点包含的所有XML进行序列化的结果。在Firefox中，提供了一个名为XMLSerializer对象来完成这一功能。该对象提供一个使用JavaScript可访问的serializeToString()方法，使用该方法可以对XML数据进行序列化。

function serializeXml(oNode) {

    var oSerializer = new XMLSerializer();

    return oSerializer.serializeToString(oNode);

}

serializeXml()函数以XML节点作为参数，创建一个XMLSerializer对象，并将该节点传给serializeToString()方法。该方法将向调用者返回XML数据的字符串表示。

对于节点操作的DOM方法，Firefox与IE大致相同。参见“在IE中操作DOM”小节。

3. 在Firefox中处理错误

Firefox与IE的错误处理并不一样。当IE遇到错误时，它会填充parseError对象；而当Firefox遇到错误时，它会将包含错误信息的XML文档载入到XML DOM文档中。看下面的这个例子：

var sXml = "<root><person><name>Jeremy McPeak</name></root>";

var oParser = new DOMParser();

var oXmlDom = oParser.parseFromString(sXml,"text/xml");

 

if (oXmlDom.documentElement.tagName != "parsererror") {

    //没有错误发生，进行所需操作

} else {

    alert("An Error Occurred");

}

在突出显示的代码行中，你会发现其中将产生一个错误：XML字符串格式不正确（因为<person>元素不完整，没有相应的</person>元素）。当载入错误的XML时，XML DOM对象将会载入一个documentElement为<parsererror/>的错误文档。我们可以通过检查documentElement的tagName属性来很容易地确定是否发生错误。如果tagName属性不是parsererror，就可以确定没有发生任何错误。

在本例中，可能会生成如下所示的错误文档：

<parsererror xmlns="http://www.mozilla.org/newlayout/xml/parsererror.xml">XML

Parsing Error: mismatched tag. Expected: </person>.

Location: http://yoda/fooreader/test.htm

Line Number 1, Column 43:<sourcetext><root><person><name>Jeremy

McPeak</name></root>

------------------------------------------^</sourcetext></parsererror>

所有的错误信息都包含在错误文档的文本中。如果要通过程序使用这些错误信息，那么首先就要对其进行解析。最简单的方法是使用一个稍长的正则表达式：

var reError = />([\s\S]*?)Location:([\s\S]*?)Line Number (\d+), Column

    (\d+):<sourcetext>([\s\S]*?)(?:\-*\^)/;

该正则表达式将错误文档分为五个部分：错误消息、发生错误的文件名、行号、该行中发生错误的位置，以及发生错误的源代码。使用正则表达式对象的test()方法可以使用这些信息：

if (oXmlDom.firstChild.tagName != "parsererror") {

    //没有错误发生，进行所需操作

} else {

    var oXmlSerializer = new XMLSerializer();

    var sXmlError = oXmlSerializer.serializeToString(oXmlDom);

    var reError = />([\s\S]*?)Location:([\s\S]*?)Line Number (\d+), Column

       (\d+):<sourcetext>([\s\S]*?)(?:\-*\^)/;

    reError.test(sXmlError);

正则表达式捕获到的第一部分数据是错误消息，第二部分是文件名，第三部分是行号，第四部分是行内位置，第五部分是源码。你可以使用这些解析后的信息来创建自定义的错误消息：

var str = "An error occurred!! " +

    "Description: " + RegExp.$1 + " " +

    "File: " + RegExp.$2 + " " +

    "Line: " + RegExp.$3 + " " +

    "Line Position: " + RegExp.$4 + " " +

    "Source Code: " + RegExp.$5;

alert(str);

如果发生错误，那么alert()方法会以易于阅读的格式在警告框中来显示相关的错误信息。

]]> xml 文档树 http://www.w3pop.com/learn/view/doc/xml_tree/ XML documents form a tree structure that starts at "the root" and branches to "the leaves".
XML 文档树起始于“根元素”，并以此为基础扩展文档的分支结构。

An Example XML Document
下面举一个XML文档案例

XML documents use a self-describing and simple syntax:
XML 文档使用一种相对简单的自述性语法：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
<note>
<to>Tove</to>
<from>Jani</from>
<heading>Reminder</heading>
<body>Don't forget me this weekend!</body>
</note>

The first line is the XML declaration. It defines the XML version (1.0) and the encoding used (ISO-8859-1 = Latin-1/West European character set). 
代码的第一行对XML文档做出了声明。它定义了XML版本号（1.0）以及文档所使用的字符编码（ISO-8859-1：拉丁文/西欧字符集）。

The next line describes the root element of the document (like saying: "this document is a note"): 
接下来的一行定义了文档的根元素（指明该文档是一份便条）：

<note>

The next 4 lines describe 4 child elements of the root (to, from, heading, and body):
再接下去的4行定义了根元素的4个子元素，分别是“to”、“form”、“heading”和“body”：

<to>Tove</to>
<from>Jani</from>
<heading>Reminder</heading>
<body>Don't forget me this weekend!</body>

And finally the last line defines the end of the root element:
文档的最后一行定义了根元素的结束标签：

</note>

You can assume, from this example, that the XML document contains a note to Tove from Jani.
举个例子来说，你可以假设这份XML文档是Jani递交给Tove的一张便条。

Don't you agree that XML is pretty self-descriptive?
通过上述案例，对于XML是一种完美的自述性语言这点应该毋庸置疑了吧？

XML Documents Form a Tree Structure
XML 树状结构文档

XML documents must contain a root element. This element is "the parent" of all other elements.
XML 文档必须包含一个根元素。这个根元素是其它所有元素的“父元素”。

The elements in an XML document form a document tree. The tree starts at the root and branches to the lowest level of the tree.
这些元素位于XML树状结构文档内。树状结构起始于根元素，并向更低级别的树状分支结构扩展。

All elements can have sub elements (child elements):
文档中所有的元素都可以包含二级元素（即：子元素）：

<root>
  <child>
    <subchild>.....</subchild>
  </child>
</root>

The terms parent, child, and sibling are used to describe the relationships between elements. Parent elements have children. Children on the same level are called siblings (brothers or sisters).
这里提到的一些术语，如：父元素、子元素、同级元素使用与描述元素之间的相互关系的。父元素包含子元素；和子元素同级的称为同级元素（或兄弟、姐妹元素）。

All elements can have text content and attributes (just like in HTML).
所有的元素都包含文本内容和属性（这点和HTML极其类似）。

Example:
案例：

DOM node tree

The image above represents one book in the XML below:
上述图表代表了下述XML文档中的一本书：

<bookstore>
<book category="COOKING">
  <title lang="en">Everyday Italian</title> 
  <author>Giada De Laurentiis</author> 
  <year>2005</year> 
  <price>30.00</price> 
</book>
<book category="CHILDREN">
  <title lang="en">Harry Potter</title> 
  <author>J K. Rowling</author> 
  <year>2005</year> 
  <price>29.99</price> 
</book>
<book category="WEB">
  <title lang="en">Learning XML</title> 
  <author>Erik T. Ray</author> 
  <year>2003</year> 
  <price>39.95</price> 
</book>
</bookstore>

The root element in the example is <bookstore>. All <book> elements in the document are contained within <bookstore>.
案例中的根元素是<bookstore>。文档内所有的<book>元素都位于<bookstore>内。

The <book> element has 4 children: <title>,< author>, <year>, <price>.
与此同时，<book>元素还包含了4个子元素：<title>、< author>、<year>、<price>。

]]> 网站设计原理 http://www.w3pop.com/learn/view/doc/Basic_Design_Principles/ Basic_Design_PrinciplesTone and Texture
色调与结构

This specifically applies to drawings more than photography, but tone and texture are very important. Tone refers to shading of light and dark on an object and texture is the visual and tactile surface characteristics of an object.

色调与结构确实很重要，图片比照片更能运用此项内容。色调涉及到阴影以及物体颜色光亮程度；结构涉及到物体的外观特征。

Here's a list of things that affect the tone and texture of an objects appearance.

下面介绍影响网站色调与结构的几个因素。

1. The direction from which the light is coming. (Left, right, above, behind, or below.)

1. 光的方向。（左、右、上、下、后）

2. The intensity of the light. (Candlelight or sunlight.)

2. 光的亮度。（烛光或者阳光）

3. The type of light (Light from the setting sun or flash.)

3. 光的类型。（落日还是烈日）

4. Objects standing between the light source and your subject or object. (Light passing through a thin fabric.)

4. 站立在光源之间的物体。（光穿过物体）

5. The color and texture of the object. (A fuzzy blanket looks a lot different than a piece of granite.)

5. 物体的颜色与结构。（绒毛毯子与花岗岩不同）

Light and Shade
光线与阴影

Light always travels in a straight line and depending on the location of the light the object or subject can look dramatically different. To understand this principle get a roll of film a light source, a lamp, an object or a family member. Take a series of photos of your subject start with the light source at twelve o'clock take each successive photo moving the light source to each position on the clock. When you look at your photos you will be amazed at how different your subject looks in each image. This exercise is great for anyone wanting to understand how light changes the look of a subject.

光沿直线传播，光的位置不同，网站中的物体或者要表达主题就会显著不同。了解到这个内容之后，在现在的光源下，拍摄照片（物体、家人都可以），然后在中午12点钟的时候，再次拍摄同一张图片。观察图片时，你会惊奇地发现图片差异很大。你可以根据这个情况，清楚理解光源对照片的影响。

Shade
对比程度

Shade or shadow and more commonly known as contrast is the degree of difference between the light and dark areas. An image with very black blacks and very light whites has high contrast. An image that is mostly shades of gray has low contrast. Contrast is determined by the intensity of the light source. Adjusting the contrast can help you create a very realistic image or a fantastic one.

我们经常看到的光与阴暗区域的对比程度，就是对比阴影了。黑色、白色图片的对比很明显，而灰色梯度的对比就比较弱。光源强度决定对比程度，而对比程度会决定图片的现实性或者科幻性。

If you have some specific questions please visit my Photography and Design Forum at: Kellypaalphotography.com Bulletin and post your question there.

如果还有其它问题，登录Kellypaalphotography.com Bulletin的“图片与设计”论坛，你可以在那里提出相关问题。

]]> 别具一格的网站评论 http://www.w3pop.com/learn/view/doc/Exclusive_Website_Review/ Exclusive_Website_ReviewWelcome to Old America, famous for its great events, innumerable opportunities and of course the old but surprisingly stylish and strong Lee jeans. We say jeans but think Lee; say Lee, and subconsciously think jeans. And of course our thoughts about the jeans are inextricably linked to the era which spawned them. So naturally the entire site is impeccably done in the style of American Retro – soft pastel tones, styled photography and illustrations. Every detail in the design reminds one of the old ragged jeans. Bearing all of this in mind separately, I will start my review of the site by listing its advantages and disadvantages.

美国历史上曾经发生过很多大事件，也曾经出现了很多震惊世界的发明，这篇文章介绍产生于美国、享誉世界的牛仔品牌：Lee jeans。我们说到牛仔，就会想到Lee；说道Lee，潜意识里会想到牛仔。当然，我们会自然联想到出售Lee牛仔服装的商店、网站。Lee网站完全根据美国风格设计，包括柔和的语调、有特色的照片以及说明，每一个细节都使人联想到Lee牛仔。下面根据网站特点，我会逐步介绍其优点与缺点。

I'm not a monster, though I work at (you know where), and that's why I'll start with what I like about this site:

尽管我对网站设计有点研究，但并不是权威专家，所以我从网站的优点开始谈起。

  • Cohesiveness of design - the entire site is done in one style, from the font to the illustrations

    设计的连贯性——从字体到说明，网站保持一种风格。
  • Branding - the site calls to mind subconscious associations and other connections with images of the brand itself

    品牌——网站的所有内容，都可以使人想起Lee品牌。
  • Consistency of look and feel - practically all of the sites in the Lee family have their own unique design but at the same time give the same atmosphere of reliability and quality, which are the main features of the brand

    外观的一致性——所有网站（Lee family）设计各具特色，但都可以给人可靠感、信赖感。所有品牌都应该具有这种特征。
  • Clarity of purpose - the site demonstrates clear cut delineation of ages and sizes bearing in mind the target audience, on whom it is oriented.

    明确的目的——网站针对不同年龄段、不同爱好的消费者，设计了不同的内容。

It's good to be a kind boy, but to be an honest boy is even better. Though the site has been declared the site of the month, it does have some faults. Well, there's no pretty way to say it. Here's what I dislike about the site:

善良很可贵，但诚实更重要。尽管网站目的明确，但也有许多设计缺点。当然，并没有十全十美的网站设计，下面介绍一下网站的几个缺点：

  • Open links - It was a big surprise for me to discover that Lee brand has 10 other sites, which are dedicated to various small tasks, like www.leelocator.com which serves to detect the local stores of the company. These sites and some others, by the way, regularly appears in the left bar though they are not identified in any way and looks like all the other inner links. I think that notifying users before they will leave the site would be a good idea. Check the four links in the “Browse Lee Products” section, all of them leads to the four different sites.

    过多的链接——我很惊奇地发现，Lee还有另外10家网站，各个网站的任务都不同，例如，www.leelocator.com方便用户寻找公司本地商店。这些网站一般会出现在网页左边的菜单栏附近，尽管它们看起来更像是内部链接 。在Browse Lee Products板块，你可以看到这四个链接，用户可以通过链接进入四个不同的网站。
  • Errors - Clicking on the banner Win Ultimate Jeans, I encountered a mistake: “Registration Form Error. The registration form hyperlink has invalid parameters. Please make sure that a valid site name and campaign name have been specified.”

    错误——点击横幅Win Ultimate Jeans以后，你会发现一个错误：登记表格出错。登记表格链接出现无效参量，确保使用有效网站名以及活动名。
  • Mysterious Sounding Menu Items - It took me a long time to decide if it's worth it to click on the menu item “The Scoop,” as it's almost impossible to guess where I will find myself after clicking on it. Then, recalling that I was writing an review, I clicked. Camel Trophies' routes sometimes seem to be less surprising. But I'm not about my life, so let's get back to the site: online games and other entertaining information was hidden under “The Scoop” - this was a little bit scary, a little bit tempting and a very confusing link. It's not an easy task to name sections of the site especially when the desire to be original is stronger than the need to be easy-to-understand. Confusing section names can spoil all the work done; this is the case when the only word is of great value in all senses. By the way, on the main menu sections “Juniors,” “Boys,” and “Girls” no special inviting banners can be found, though I really doubt that such kind of stuff is of no value to increase the loyalty of young customers any more.

    神秘的菜单选项——我花费了很长时间确定是否点击“The Scoop”菜单，因为我不清楚点击之后出现什么内容，但想到我要写评论，我点击了这个菜单。点击之后，虽然没有太多惊讶，但我感到疑惑，所有在线游戏以及娱乐信息都出现在此项菜单中。他们可以运用其它菜单，呈现这些内容，那样还更便于网站用户理解菜单。令人疑惑的菜单名称毁掉了整个网站，这可以说明一个单词可以具备很大的价值。同时在“Juniors” 、“Boys”、 “Girls”菜单中，内容缺乏吸引力，我真的怀疑这些内容是否可以增加青少年消费者对Lee牛仔的忠诚度。
  • Cookie Woes - Be careful on entering the site; if you choose “Enter US Version of Lee Website” it will take you lots of time and efforts if you would like to visit either the European or the Asian version of the site after visiting the American one. The cookie will fight to the utmost not to show you the splash page where you can choose which version to visit. Even typing www.leejeans.com in the address bar of your browser won't help. Since cookies can't be compared to humans, they were deleted and I got the European version of the site www.lee.be … Maybe it was not a good idea to kill cookies? Check it yourself.

    Cookie    的悲哀——在点击“进入Lee网站”之后，如果首先浏览美国网站，那么进入欧洲或者亚洲网站时，会出现一些麻烦。Cookie会阻止进入页面的呈现，这样你就不能选择其它版本，即使在地址栏中键入www.leejeans.com，浏览器也没有反应。Cookies与人类不同，我们可以删除它，进入欧洲网站。或许这也不是好办法，你自己考虑一下。

    Exclusive_Website_Review（美国）

    Exclusive_Website_Review（欧洲）

    Exclusive_Website_Review（亚洲）

    Regional sites are not the objects of this review, though I would like to note that the sites were developed with different design, navigation and usability approaches. I'm far away from realizing what the purpose of it was but I can admit that the task for site development was given by different (regional) offices to different contractors without developing and using as well the only web design policy before.

    地域性网站并不是这篇文章需要介绍的内容，尽管我想要强调，地域性网站开发需要运用不同的设计、导航，可用性也不相同。尽管我还没有清楚这样做的目的，但我可以确定不同的设计者或者设计公司，会应用不同的设计方法。

    The American version of the site has numerous advantages from a design point of view, using attributes of styles and portrayals of distinctive atmospheres associated with the brand.

    从设计角度来说，网站的美国版本具有的优点更多。这个网站的特征、形式以及外观与此品牌联系密切。

    From the point of view of e-commerce – the site has very many disadvantages and cannot be considered well-optimized or sales promotion oriented. Taking into consideration the massive assortment and international status of the brand, as well as the foundation of my experience exploring other sites, I can pronounce the verdict that this site was done to promote offline marketing efforts of the company.

    从电子网站的角度来说，这个网站具有太多缺点，并没有很好地发挥促销作用。考虑到分类多、品牌知名度高，以及我研究网站的经验，我敢断定，网站更有利于实体商店销售，而不是网站销售。

    However, the site has vast untapped potential to be converted into an online sales generation machine.

    我相信，利用网站进行网上销售的潜力很大。

]]> 利用.htaccess控制网站 http://www.w3pop.com/learn/view/doc/Gain_More_Web_Site_Control_With_htaccess/ Gain_More_Web_Site_Control_With_htaccessThere are many tools of the trade in the world of Web site development, but very few have as many good uses as your .htaccess file. What, you don't have one? I'll admit, information on these little darlings are confusing to some and hard to find. Hence the reason why we need an explanation of what it is and what it can do for you.

网站开发工具很多，.htaccess文件是很好用的一种，你是否想拥有呢？我知道，有些人难以理解这个内容，并且很难找到关于这个问题的说明，所以这篇文章将会解释.htaccess 文件是什么，以及它有什么作用。

Inside your Web hosting space, you know you have folders, HTML documents, and other things that make your Web site work. Think of this file as just another addition to the many thing you have inside there. It usually sits inside your root directory, such as "/public_html/" and has more than a few good uses. You might already have a .htaccess file in your root directory. If so, all you need to do is edit that one. Just remember that if it is in your root directory, that it will effect all folders and documents inside that directory. If you want to over ride that, then you will have to make a new .htaccess file inside the directory in question.

在网站虚拟主机空间中，存在文件夹、HTML文件以及其它保证网站运行的内容。你可以把这个文件想象成虚拟主机内部其它文件的另一个附加品，通常位于根目录中（比如"/public_html/"），用途有很多。假如根目录中已经存在一个.htaccess文件，你需要进行编辑。但请记住：如果文件存在于根目录中，修改根目录会影响根目录中的所有文件夹以及文件。如果希望在不影响其它内容的情况下修改，你需要在根目录中建立一个新的.htaccess文件。

For an example, if you want what is in the .htaccess file to effect everything but your "photos" folder then you would have to create a new .htaccess file inside your "photos" folder.

比如说，你希望.htaccess文件影响除去照片外的其它内容，你就需要在“照片”文件夹中建立新的.htaccess文件。

How can you create one? Well, depending on the FTP program you are using it should be as easy as creating a new document, then renaming it .htaccess. Note that it has nothing coming before the dot. If you have anything in front of the dot, then it will not be read by the Web hosting server as a .htaccess file. The server will not know what to do with it.

如何创建.htaccess文件呢？你可以利用FTP程序，很容易创建出新文件，然后重命名.htaccess。请注意：文件名中点的前面不能出现任何内容，否则虚拟主机服务器不会把其看作是.htaccess文件，服务器也就不知道如何处理这个文件。

If you want to create the file on your computer first, you should be able to right-click your desktop and select "New" then "Text Document". Then right-click that document on your desktop, and go to "Rename". Type in the new name as ".htaccess". Some programs might put the .txt extension on it automatically. All you have to do is go in to rename it again, and take that part off.

如果你希望首先在计算机中创建这个文件，你应该首先进入桌面，选择“新建”，然后点击“文本文档”，点击桌面上的文件，选择重命名，键入".htaccess"，有些程序可能会自动留下扩展名.txt，你需要重新命名文件，然后去掉此部分内容。

Another thing to remember is if you are creating the file on your own computer or uploading it from your own computer, make sure you are uploading it in ASCII mode, not binary. Most FTP programs do a pretty good job at auto-detecting how it should be uploaded, but if you run into a problem that is the first place I would check.

你需要注意的另外一点是，在电脑中创建文件以后，确保利用ASC II模式（非二进位的）上传。大多数FTP程序会自动监测上传情况，但如果出现问题，我会首先检查这个程序。

Also, .htaccess files can only be created on a Linux based server running Apache. If you are not sure if you fall into that category login to your control panel your Web host provided you and snoop around in there. If you are still not sure, feel free to ask your Web host. That is what they are there for! You may need to CHMOD the htaccess file to 644 so the sever can execute the commands inside it.

.htaccess文件只能在支持Linux的服务器中创建。如果不确定是否属于此种类型，你可以登录控制面板，检查一下；如果还不确定，询问虚拟主机供应商。你可能需要定义htaccess文件为CHMOD644，这样服务器可以执行文件中的指令。

Now you know how to create an empty .htaccess file. Now it is time to start filling it up with some easy to learn and useful commands. Think of each line you put into the .htaccess file as a command for the Web hosting server to do something. Here is an example of what I mean. Think of this as the content of your .htaccess file:

现在你可能了解了如何创建空的.htaccess文件，下面应该在文件中添加一些容易学习、使用的指令。.htaccess文件中的每一条指令，虚拟主机服务器都必须遵循。你的文件内容可以如下：

  • Take out the trash（排除无意义内容）
  • Clean the sink（清空内容）
  • Mow the yard（清扫）
  • Rake the leaves（最后清理）


Each are short commands you might do during your own day. A .htaccess file is much like giving the Web hosting server a to do list. Most commands in the .htaccess file are suppose to be on one line only. This is just the way that the server reads the information.

每一条指令都可能是你需要做的内容。一个.htaccess文件相当于为虚拟主机服务器提供一张列表，文件中的大多数指令应该出现在一行中，服务器就是这样阅读信息。

Another warning you might take in consideration is the ability to use the .htaccess file at all. Some Web hosts have banned it or banned it for certain uses because it causes stress and strain on the Web hosting server itself. Make sure you read through your Web host's frequently asked questions and acceptable use policy before moving forward. If they have something against it, then it should be in one of those two places.

你需要考虑的另外一个问题就是，服务器是否可以利用.htaccess文件。有些虚拟主机不支持这个文件，或者不支持这个文件的某项作用，因为这样会引起虚拟主机服务器的运行压力。利用文件之前，首先阅读虚拟主机使用条件以及各种常见问题，避免浪费时间。

Now that you have it, what can you do with it? That is another few articles all together. Some of the coolest things are password protection, error page redirects, and deny/allow IP address to access your Web site.

现在如何利用这个文件呢？我们会在以后的文章中介绍。我们还会介绍到密码保护、出错页面设计以及IP地址问题等等。

]]> 如何进行网站布局 http://www.w3pop.com/learn/view/doc/What_You_Should_Know_About_Site_Layout/ Frames Vs Tables
框架Vs表格

Some people like to use frames on their sites. I would recommend you avoid them if you can ... and you probably can.

有些人喜欢利用表格设计网站，但我建议你最好不要使用表格。我想你可以避免使用表格。

Frames can be useful on occasion but "the pain is greater than the gain". Too many people complain of problems with frames than you can afford to ignore. So if you insist on using them, you'll need to create an alternative no-frames set of pages for these users. Honestly ...

有时候，框架确实可以发挥作用，但它的缺点多于优点。你一定不能忽视框架的缺点，因为太多人已经在抱怨框架所带来的问题。如果坚持使用框架，你需要为网站用户创造另外一套无框架网页。但诚实地说，

... it's just not worth the trouble!

这种做法太麻烦！

As If that wasn't enough reason, many search engine spiders also encounter difficulties with frames.

并且很多搜索引擎在搜索框架时，会越到一些问题。

This means you'll either have to spend additional time learning how to overcome these shortcomings or be doomed to low search rankings. Convinced?

这就意味着，你需要花费时间学习如何克服框架的缺点，否则网站注定会在搜索引擎中有一个低排名。

I hope so - for your sake!

我希望你的网站不会出现这种情况。

In most of the situations in which you might feel you need to use frames you can usually use tables equally effectively. If not on their own, then in conjunction with SSI - Server Side Includes - which also allow you to write separate pages for inclusion in another 'main' page.

大多数情况下，表格可以代替框架。利用表格的同时，你还可以使用SSI（Server Side Includes），它可以帮助你编辑主要页面所包含的其它页面。

The left column navigation bar, for example, is one area that it may seem appealing to place in it's own frame. The content remains the same on every page and should you need to change it, you can effect a global change just by altering a single file.

比如说，使用框架布局左列导航条，可能看起来很有吸引力。所有网页布局一致，并且修改一个单独文件之后，就可以改变所有网页。

What many people don't realize that you can achieve almost the same result by using an SSI callout in a table cell within the page. This will reference another file on the server which will be written into this location when called. To browsers and search engine spiders alike the page appears as a normal web page and doesn't give rise to any of the problems associated with the use of frames.

很多人没有意识到，在表格单元中利用SSI编号，也可以达到这个效果。这就会涉及到服务器中的另外一个文件，这个文件在需要时会设置到这个位置。浏览器与搜索引擎，更喜欢看似普通、不会出现框架问题的页面。

What_You_Should_Know_About_Site_LayoutWhat_You_Should_Know_About_Site_LayoutWhat_You_Should_Know_About_Site_Layout

The Long Wait!

等一下！

Whilst we're on the subject of tables...

我们正在谈论表格问题。

... don't make the same mistake I did when first using them!

第一次利用表格时，不要出现我曾出现过的问题。

Tables are great for page layout - you can put things just where you want them to appear on the page. So I made one big table for the whole page, split it up into various rows and columns, then put (nested) other tables inside these and in some places yet smaller ones inside them ...

表格是一种网页布局的好方法，你可以根据需要，选择网页内容的位置。我在网页中设计了一个大表格，划分为很多行、很多栏，然后在内部表格中嵌套更小的表格。

Wrong! Wrong! Wrong!

错误！

Those of you that are quietly chuckling can stop now, thank you! Don't pretend you've never made the same mistake!

请你不要笑，我想你肯定犯过类似的错误。

Where was I ...?

我哪里出错了呢？

Oh yes ... tables. Now the thing with tables is that the browser downloads all the contents of the table BEFORE it actually draws anything on the screen. This includes the contents of any nested tables. So what did that mean for my beautiful page?

是的，表格。这里的问题是，在表格内容下载完毕之前，浏览器不会在显示屏中呈现任何内容。这就意味着，任何嵌套的内容都要下载完毕，那么这些布局精美的网页会怎样呢？

It took DAYS to download!

下载时间太长了！

Actually, it didn't really take that much longer, but it *seemed* like it did. The page remained completely blank until the browser had downloaded every single component and then suddenly flung them all onto the page at once! Leaving your visitors staring at a blank page for ages like this is not a good way to keep them on your site!

事实上，网页下载不需要那么长时间。网页首先会空白，浏览器下载完毕之后，网页突然出现全部内容。如果网站访问者长时间浏览空白页面，他们很快会离开。

As ever, learn from your mistakes - or my mistakes! - and split your page up into several separate tables. Keep the whole lot as simple as possible and try to avoid nesting more than one layer of tables inside another. Browsers also take longer to draw tables if you don't specify the sizes. This is because the browser has to calculate how big the table needs to be to fit in all the contents.

继续分析问题。我们应该避免在表格中嵌套其它表格，避免把表格继续分割。如果表格尺寸没有标明，浏览器下载表格的时间会比较长，因为，浏览器需要计算表格将会占用的空间。

You can also employ tables to add color to a page in preference to slow loading graphics. Or to effectively draw attention to text placed in a colored box on the page.

你可以利用表格填充网页颜色，这样比下载速度慢的图片更好。或者把文本放置在网页有颜色的表格中。

Tidy and Businesslike
整洁并且有条理

Forget about loud colors, blinking or scrolling text, fancy animated graphics ...

避免使用浓重的颜色、炫目或者滚动文本、奇怪的动画图像。

... anything that distracts the eye.

以及其它转移用户注意力的内容。

Your visitor needs to concentrate on your text if you want to get them to 'bite'. Compare your site to it's offline 'brick and mortar' equivalent.

网站必须保证用户集中精力阅读文字内容，这样才可以吸引他们购买产品或服务。你可以参考实体商店，设计网站。

Would you paint that bright yellow and deck it out with flashing lights?

你会把网页设计成嫩黄色或者很亮的颜色吗？

... 'Nuff said!

最好不要！

Keep your pages clean and well organized. People must be able to find things easily.

网页必须整洁、有条理，便于用户寻找信息。

Imagine calling into a supermarket in a strange town to buy a box of tissues. You're in a hurry. To your dismay you find that none of the isles are labelled and you are forced to walk all over the store to find what you want.

假设，你在一个陌生城镇的超市中匆忙地购买餐巾纸。使你扫兴的是，商品没有标签，你需要在商店中到处寻找商品。

How annoyed and fed up would you feel?

你是不是感觉很苦恼呢？

Sure, you'd still buy ... but only because of the hassle involved in leaving the store and going to another. Online this is as easy as ...

当然，你肯定会购买，但你可能会去别的商店。网上购买也是同样道理。

... click ... "I'm outta here!"

有些网站使用户难以发现所需信息。

Actually, when you go to a supermarket you'll normally find that everything's neatly labelled and tidily displayed in rows with signs above them... build your online store along the same lines.

实际上，超市中的产品都很整齐，并且产品旁边都会有标签。构建网上商店时，遵循这些规则。

Apply what I call 'the three clicks rule'... make sure your visitor can find whatever they're looking for within three clicks. If not you run the risk of them becoming frustrated and leaving.

确保网站用户在三次点击之内，找到所需内容，否则他们会沮丧地离开网站。

]]> 成功构建网站的方法 http://www.w3pop.com/learn/view/doc/The_Secrets_To_Building_A_Successful_Website/ If you're doing business on the Internet, one of the most important aspects of your success is your web site. If your web site doesn't look professional, no matter what product you're offering your chances of success are minimal.

如果开展网上交易，你就必须考虑网站问题。如果网站设计不专业，那么即使可以提供最好的产品，网站成功的机率也很小。

Before you begin, if you've never designed a web page, it would be wise to become familiar with HTML. (Hypertext Markup Language.) A great place to start is NCSA Beginner's Guide to HTML: Ncsa.uiuc.edu

如果以前没有设计过网页，那么你在设计前，需要首先熟悉HTML（超文本链接标示语言）知识。你可以登录Ncsa.uiuc.edu，获取相关信息。

15 Tips for designing a successful web site:

成功设计网站的15条建议：

(1) The main page of your web site should load in 8 seconds or less with a 56K modem.
According to two recent surveys, conducted by Forrester Research and Gartner Group, ecommerce sites are losing $1.1 to $1.3 billion in revenue each year due to customers click- away caused by slow loading sites. If a page takes too long to load, your potential customer will not wait. Ultimately costing you business.

（1）在利用调制解调器上网的情况下，网页应该保证下载时间少于8秒钟。Forrester研究中心以及Gartne研究中心近来的两项调查显示，页面下载速度慢，导致网站每年造成11-13亿的经济损失，流失大量消费者。如果网页下载时间太长，潜在消费者就会流失。

(2) Make sure you include proper META tags in the HTML of each page of your web site. META tags are HTML code that enable the search engines to determine what keywords are relevant to a specific site. About 80 percent of all web site traffic originates from the eight major search engines. It would be a good idea to make sure you've done your homework and fully understand how to optimize your web pages prior to designing your site. This will save you a lot of headaches in the long run. For further information on META tags read the tutorial entitled, "Building Your Site."
Web-source.net

（2）确保网站所有网页的HTML中包含正确的META编码。META标签是能够帮助搜索引擎确定网站关键词的HTML编码。大约80%的网站用户通过8个较大的搜索引擎登录网站，所以你需要考虑优化网页，确保网页在搜索引擎中有一个好的排名。从长期来看，这样可以避免很多麻烦问题。你可以登录Web-source.net，浏览关于META标签的更多信息。

(3) Be cautious when selecting your background and text colors. Busy backgrounds make text difficult to read and draw the attention away from the text. Always be consistent with your background theme on each page of your site. Your site should be nicely organized and uniform throughout. Keep in mind, colors affect your mood and will have an affect on your visitors as well. Bright colors such as yellow and orange, cause you to become more cheerful or happy, while colors such as blue and purple have a calming effect. Dark colors such as brown and black have a depressing effect. A good rule of thumb would be to use colors based upon the type of effect you're trying to achieve.

（3）谨慎选择网站背景、文本颜色。复杂的背景颜色，会使文本难以阅读，会分散用户对于文字内容的注意力。网站所有网页的背景应该一致；网站内容安排应该有条理，形式应该统一。请记住，颜色会影响到网站访问者的情绪，比如说，类似于黄、橙等明亮颜色，可以使人产生兴奋感；而类似于蓝、紫等颜色，可以使人产生平静感；类似于棕、黑等暗色会使人产生压抑感。设计网站时，根据网站所要达到的目的，选择相应的颜色。

The_Secrets_To_Building_A_Successful_Website

(4) Use minimal animated graphics. These can be very distracting and can cause your page to look unprofessional. In addition, animated graphics cause your page to load more slowly. Fancy graphics won't make the sale.

（4）尽量减少使用动画图片。动画图片会分散网站浏览者的注意力，会使网页显得业余。此外，这种图片会增加下载时间。怪异的图片不会增加网站销售量。

(5) Your main page should specifically let your visitors know exactly what you're offering. How many times have you visited a site and never figured out exactly what they were selling? If your potential customer can't find your product or service, they definitely won't waste a lot of time looking for it. They'll go on to the next site and probably never return. They're visiting your site for a specific purpose. They want something your site offers. Whether it is information, a product or service.

（5）网站主页应该能够说明网站内容。有些网站并不能为用户清楚地解释网站的销售内容，你是否登录过这样的网站？如果潜在消费者没有发现所需的产品或服务，他们肯定不会浪费时间继续寻找，他们会登录其它网站，并且可能从此不再登录这个网站。网站访问者登录网站都有自己的目的，他们希望网站提供信息、产品或者服务。

(6) Try to avoid placing banner exchange banners at the top of your page. These can instantly take your customers or even be indexed by search engine robots. Limit the number of banners on your site to no more than two per page. One is ideal.

（6）网页顶部尽量避免出现横幅。横幅可以立即吸引用户的注意，或者立即被搜索引擎做索引。每张网页的横幅数量控制在2个之内，一个最好。

(7) Always, include your contact information on each page of your site and try to reply to all comments and suggestions within 48 hours. This will help promote good business relationships. Your business relationships are the key to your success.

（7）网站所有网页出现联系信息，并且确保在48小时之内回复所有的评论和建议。这样可以形成良好的业务关系，保证网上业务的成功。

(8) ALWAYS check and double-check your site for spelling errors and make sure your images and links are all working properly. If you have several errors, this will make your site appear to be unprofessional. If you are designing your site using an HTML editor, use spell check. Proper grammar is also very important. If you've been out of school for a while it's probably a good idea to refresh your memory. Visit any of the following sites for a crash course in writing and grammar.

（8）确保网站不会出现拼写错误，图片与链接都能有效运行。如果出现上述错误，网站就会显得很业余。如果利用HTML编辑器设计网站，可以检查拼写错误。你要选择适当的程序，如果没有太多经验，你最好温习以前学习的内容。你可以浏览以下网站，迅速掌握书写、语法设计方法。

- Guide to Grammar and Writing （内容编辑、语法指南）-
Webster.commnet.edu

- Exploring English （英文内容）-
Shared-visions.com

- Simpler Words And Phrases （简单的单词、短语）-
Smartbiz.com

(9) Design your site to be easily navigated. Place your navigation links together at the top, bottom, left or right side of the page. Use tables to neatly align your links. If you are planning on using graphic buttons to navigate your site, keep in mind that with each graphic you add to your page, it will take that much longer for your page to load. If you only have a handful of navigational links, using graphic buttons will be fine. If you have over six links, it would be wise to simply use text links to keep your load time down.

（9）网站导航内容简单。导航链接放置在网页顶部、底部、左侧或者右侧，你可以利用表格进行设计。如果你打算利用图片按钮进行导航，那你需要了解网页下载速度会因此而变慢。如果导航链接很少，你可以使用图片按钮；如果导航链接超过六个，最好使用文本链接。

(10) If you must use frames, use them sparingly. Frames, if not properly used, can make your site look unprofessional. Avoid making your visitors have to scroll from side to side to view your content. This can be very irritating and cause your visitors to leave. If you must use frames, offer your visitors a choice. Frames verses No Frames.

（10）如果必须使用框架，尽量节俭利用。框架如果运用不恰当，会使网站显得不专业。避免访问者利用滚动条浏览网站内容，否则他们可能会因此而离开。如果必须使用框架，为用户提供两种选择：框架或者无框架。

(11) Try to keep the number of clicks required to get from your main page to any other page on your site down to four. Keep in mind, your visitors may enter your site from pages other than your main. Always have good navigational links on every page and place your company logo on each page.

（11）确保网站访问者在四次点击之内，从其它网页进入网站主页。很多网站访问者并不是通过网站主页进入网站，所以网站所有网页必须具备好的导航链接，并且所有网页中出现公司logo。

(12) If you must use Java on your site, use it sparingly. Offer your visitors a choice. Java verses No Java. Java can be slow and has a tendency to crash browsers. Try to avoid using those pop up boxes asking for your visitor's name, etc. Those pop up messages are very unprofessional and can be very frustrating to your visitors when they're trying to view your site.

（12）网站尽量减少使用Java。如果必须使用，确保为用户提供两种选择：Java或者非Java。Java会减慢浏览器呈现网页的速度，会与浏览器发生冲突，所以尽量避免使用弹出框，询问访问者姓名。这些弹出信息非常不专业，会影响网站访问者的浏览。

(13) Do not set sound to "autoplay" when someone visits your site. This can be very distracting.

（13）避免设置“自动播放”的音响，这样会分散用户的注意力。

The_Secrets_To_Building_A_Successful_Website

(14) All web browsers are not created equally. View your site through different browsers and screen resolutions so you will see how your visitors will view your site. Visit:

（14）不同的浏览器、分辨率状态下，网站的外观会不同。你可以登录以下网站，进行网站检测：

- Site Inspector - Check your web pages for HTML validity and browser compatibility.
- Siteinspector.com

登录Siteinspector.com，检测网页HTML的有效性以及浏览器的兼容性。

- NetMechanic - Provides a variety of free services for your web site including; browser compatibility testing, graphic file size reduction, link check, HTML check, load time check, spell check and more.
- Netmechanic.com

Netmechanic.com提供许多免费服务，包括：浏览器兼容性测试，图片文件尺寸缩减，链接检查，HTML检查，下载时间检测以及拼写检测等等。

(15) Continually add new content to your site. Give your visitors a reason to keep coming back.

（15）网站不断增添新内容，吸引访问者回访。

* Design a quality e-book to give to your visitors. It's not as difficult as it sounds. If you can create a web page, you can create an e-book. The focus of your e-book should compliment your web site. Simply write about your passion. If your passion is sales, then you could share some of your knowledge and experience by designing your e-book to provide a complete sales training guide. If your passion is home based business, you could write an e-book about how to start your own home based business. If you're writing about your true passion then you shouldn't have any trouble coming up with something to write about. For further information on e-books, read the article entitled, "How to Create an E-book and Drive Massive Traffic to Your Site by Giving It Away."

为用户提供高质量的电子书籍，这项工作不像想象中的那么难。能够创建网页，就能够创建电子书籍。创建电子书籍的目的是要宣传网站，如果网站的目的是销售，那么电子书籍应该提供销售培训指导，与用户分享你的销售知识与经历；如果网站目的是家庭商业，电子书籍应该介绍如何开展家庭商业。确定网站目标之后，你就可以很顺利地编辑网站内容。更多关于电子书籍的内容，你可以阅读文章：《创建电子书籍吸引网站访问者》（How to Create an E-book and Drive Massive Traffic to Your Site by Giving It Away）。
- Web-source.net

If you'd rather not write your own e-book, here's a list of sites where you can pick up some free e-books to add to your site.

如果不希望编写电子书籍，你可以摘取以下网站的电子书籍，添加到你的网站中。

- Web-Source.net
Web-source.net

- Book Locker
Booklocker.com

- LD Publishing
Ldpublishing.com

* Provide your visitors with quality, informative articles. Everybody loves free information. It's the top-selling product online, so use it to your advantage. Write your own articles or you can pick some up at the following sites:

网站为访问者提供高质量、有指导性的文章。人人都喜欢免费信息，这是网上最畅销的产品，所以你可以设置更多免费信息。你可以自己编辑文章或者从以下网站中截取相关内容：

- Article Announce - Writer & Publisher Exchange
Web-source.net

Subscribe: article_announce-subscribe@egroups.com

- Marketing & Advertising Supersite
Drnunley.com

- BizWeb2000
Bizweb2000.com

- Success Doctor
Success-doctor.com

Before using any articles, make sure you view the author's copyrights and make certain the article may be published. If you're not sure, contact the author and request permission to publish their article whether it be on your web site or in your e-zine. Most articles for publication can be used free of charge as long as the authors credits or resource box is included.

利用上述网站的文章之前，首先明确文章版权，确保可以发表。如果不确定版权，需要联系作者，询问是否可以在网站或电子书籍中发表这篇文章。这些网站中的大部分文章可以免费使用，只要作者或者出版媒体允许就可以。

The best advice I can offer is to Keep It Simple. The simple, well-designed, professional looking web sites make the sales.

我可以提供的最好建议就是：保持简单。简单、设计合理、外观专业的网站会增加销售量。

Always strive to learn. Knowledge is the key to success.

知识是成功的关键，继续学习！

]]> 利用JavaScript更新网站 http://www.w3pop.com/learn/view/doc/Use_JavaScript_To_Dynamically_Update_Your_Website/ Use_JavaScript_To_Dynamically_Update_Your_WebsiteIf you've been on the Internet for a while, you've probably seen numerous examples of JavaScript use. JavaScript is a powerful scripting language used to create special effects on your website, but did you know it can also be used as a very powerful web design tool?

你可能注意到很多网站运用JavaScript，的确，JavaScript是一种能够创造特殊效果的脚本语言，但你是否知道它可以作为一种强有力的网站设计工具呢？

Have you ever joined a new affiliate program or created a new publication that you wanted to add to your existing navigational set up, but dreaded having to manually add the links to every page on your site?

你是否希望加入一种新程序，或者希望在原导航系统中添加出版系统，而需要手工改动每一张网页的链接呢？

You can use JavaScript to enable you to dynamically update every page on your website with just one file. This technique is the same technology used by numerous syndication services on the Internet. It enables them to deliver dynamically updated content to every website in their program.

你可以利用JavaScript程序自动改变网站的每张网页。这项技术被网上的许多企业运用，帮助网站更新内容。

Before we begin, if you'd like to see an example of a navigational system that is dynamically displayed, visit Web-source.net. This website has over one thousand pages and each and every one of them displays its navigational system using JavaScript. If I want to add an additional link, I simply update one file and every page on the site is automatically updated.

开始介绍之前，你可以登录Web-source.net，浏览自动呈现的导航系统。这个网站包含一千多张网页，利用JavaScript每一张网页都可以呈现导航系统。如果希望添加其它链接，你只需要更新一个文件，这样所有网页都会自动更新。

The first step in setting up your JavaScript feed is to create the file that will contain your content. To do this, open a text editor such as NotePad and simply copy and paste your existing navigational setup into a new page. There is no need to begin the page with <HTML><HEAD>, etc. as you are only creating the feed for one section of your existing web page which already has those tags.

利用 JavaScript更新内容的第一步就是要创建一个包含网站内容的文件。创建文件时，打开类似于NotePad 的文本编辑器，把现存导航系统复制，然后粘贴到新建网页中。你没有必要首先修改<HTML><HEAD>等，因为你仅仅是修改现有网页，现有网页已经包含这些标签。

Once you've created your new page containing your navigational HTML, you'll now need to add some additional JavaScript coding to each line of your HTML. The first line of your new file will look like this: <!--

创建包含导航HTML的新网页以后，你需要在HTML内容中增加其它JavaScript编码。新文件的第一行应该这样：<!--

The next line will begin with "document.writeIn('" and end with "');" (without the quotes). Your first line of HTML will be placed between the beginning and ending coding. For every line of your original coding, you'll need to add the above-mentioned codes before and after. Note: Make sure you don't add any extra spaces, including at the end of each line, as JavaScript is very sensitive. Your new file will end with //--> on the last line.

下一行以"document.writeIn('"开始，以"');"结束（没有引号）。首行HTML编码放置在开始与结束编码之间。每一行原始编码，都需要在开始与结束前，添加上述编码。请注意：避免添加任何其它空格，包括每一行的结尾，因为JavaScript很敏感，并且新文件要以//-->结束。

Here's how your code might look:

编码形式如下：

<!-- document.writeln('<TABLE BORDER="0" ALIGN="Center">'); document.writeln('<TR>'); document.writeln('<TD>'); document.writeln('Your table content'); document.writeln('</TD>'); document.writeln('</TR>'); document.writeln('</TABLE>'); //-->

Each backslash () should be preceded with another backslash.

每一个()符号放置在另一个反斜线符号之前。

Example:

例如：

Each apostrophe (') should be preceded with a backslash.

每一个省略符号(')放置在反斜线符号之前。

Example: '
 
例如：'

You can include most HTML and JavaScript coding however, you cannot include JavaScript that must access another file to run.

你可以包含大多数HTML或者JavaScript编码，然而，却不能包含推进文件运行的JavaScript。

After you've created your content and added the special JavaScript coding, you'll need to save your new file. Try to select a name that reflects your file such as navigate.js and make sure your filename is no longer than eight letters. Next, you'll need to create a new directory on your server where you store your HTML files. Name this directory "content" (without the quotes) and upload your new .js file in ASCII.

创建内容，增加特定JavaScript编码以后，你需要保存新文件。尽量选择一个可以反映文件性质的名称（例如：navigate.js），并且保证文件名不超过8个字母。其次，你必须在储存HTML的服务器中创建新目录。目录命名为“content”（没有引号），然后利用ASCII模式将.js文件上传。

Here's where the magic occurs... Place the following code in your HTML pages where you would like your navigate.js content to be displayed. Make sure you change the URL and direct it to your new .js file. The following code must be displayed exactly as it appears. Make sure there are no spaces after the first line of code.

这里显得有点不可思议。把以下编码放置到navigate.js文件内容将会呈现的网页中，确保可改变URL，使其与新.js文件链接。以下代码必须原样重现，第一行编码后不可以出现空格。
<SCRIPT language="JavaScript" src="http://www.yourdomain.com/content/yourfile.js"> </SCRIPT>

If you've followed the above steps correctly, your navigational system should now be displaying on your web page. If you are receiving a script error message, most of the time, it's due to an extra space at the end of a line or an extra or missing character. Make sure you go over your code very carefully. Once you've created your content feed and it is displaying your content, updating your file will be simple.

如果正确遵循以上步骤，导航系统应该正在呈现网页，如果收到原本错误信息，可能是末尾行出现了空格或者其它内容，也有可能是遗漏了其它内容。一旦创建目录之后，服务器就会呈现内容，上传文件就会很简单。