The <anyAttribute> element enables us to extend the XML document with attributes not specified by the schema!
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The <anyAttribute> Element
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The <anyAttribute> element enables us to extend the XML document with attributes not specified by the schema.
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The following example is a fragment from an XML schema called "family.xsd". It shows a declaration for the "person" element. By using the <anyAttribute> element we can add any number of attributes to the "person" element:
ÏÂÃæÁоÙÁËÃûΪ "family.xsd" µÄ XML schema Ƭ¶Î¡£ËüչʾÁË"person"ÔªËصÄÉùÃ÷¡£Í¨¹ýʹÓÃ<anyAttribute>ÔªËØ£¬ÎÒÃÇ¿ÉÒÔ¸ø"person"ÔªËØÌí¼ÓÈÎÒâÊýÁ¿µÄÊôÐÔ¡£

<xs:element name="person">
  <xs:complexType>
    <xs:sequence>
      <xs:element name="firstname" type="xs:string"/>

      <xs:element name="lastname" type="xs:string"/>
    </xs:sequence>
    <xs:anyAttribute/>
  </xs:complexType>

</xs:element>

Now we want to extend the "person" element with a "gender" attribute. In this case we can do so, even if the author of the schema above never declared any "gender" attribute.
ÏÖÔÚ£¬ÎÒÃÇÏ£ÍûÔÚ"person"ÔªËØÖÐÌí¼Ó"gender"ÊôÐÔ¡£ËäÈ»ÕâƪschemaÎļþµÄ×÷Õß²¢Î´ÉùÃ÷"gender"ÊôÐÔ£¬µ«ÊÇ£¬ÎÒÃÇÒ»Ñù¿ÉÒÔ×öµ½¡£

Look at this schema file, called "attribute.xsd":
Çë¿´ÏÂÃæÕâ·ÝÃûΪ"attribute.xsd"µÄschemaÎļþ£º

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>

<xs:schema xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
targetNamespace="http://www.w3schools.com"
xmlns="http://www.w3schools.com"
elementFormDefault="qualified">

<xs:attribute name="gender">
  <xs:simpleType>

    <xs:restriction base="xs:string">
      <xs:pattern value="male|female"/>
    </xs:restriction>
  </xs:simpleType>
</xs:attribute>

</xs:schema>

The XML file below (called "Myfamily.xml"), uses components from two different schemas; "family.xsd" and "attribute.xsd":
ÏÂÃæµÄÕâ·ÝÃûΪ "Myfamily.xml" µÄ XMLÎļþ£¬Ê¹ÓÃÁËÀ´×Ô "family.xsd" ºÍ "attribute.xsd" Á½Æª²»Í¬µÄschema×é¼þ£º

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>

<persons xmlns="http://www.microsoft.com"

xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:SchemaLocation="http://www.microsoft.com family.xsd
http://www.w3schools.com attribute.xsd">

<person gender="female">
<firstname>Hege</firstname>
<lastname>Refsnes</lastname>

</person>

<person gender="male">
<firstname>Stale</firstname>
<lastname>Refsnes</lastname>
</person>

</persons>

The XML file above is valid because the schema "family.xsd" allows us to add an attribute to the "person" element.
ÉÏÊöXMLÎļþÊÇÓÐЧµÄ¡£ÒòΪÃûΪ"family.xsd" µÄ schema ÎļþÔÊÐíÎÒÃÇÔÚ"person"ÔªËØÀïÌí¼ÓÊôÐÔ¡£

The <any> and <anyAttribute> elements are used to make EXTENSIBLE documents! They allow documents to contain additional elements that are not declared in the main XML schema.
<any> ºÍ <anyAttribute> ÔªËØÊÇÓÃÓÚÀ©Õ¹ÎĵµµÄ£¡ËüÃÇÔÊÐíÎĵµÖаüº¬Î´ÔÚÖ÷Ìå XML schema ÖÐÉùÃ÷µÄÆäËüÐÂÔªËØ¡£

XSD <any> ÔªËØ XSD ÔªËØÌæ´ú

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