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XSD <any> 元素

作者:w3pop.com 翻译/整理:w3pop.com 发布:2007-04-29 修改:2007-08-28 浏览:4212 ::

The <any> element enables us to extend the XML document with elements not specified by the schema!
<any>元素能够使我们在XML文档中添加未被 schema 定义过的新元素从而扩充XML文档。

The <any> Element
<any>元素

The <any> element enables us to extend the XML document with elements not specified by the schema.
<any>元素能够使我们在XML文档中添加未被 schema 定义过的新元素从而扩充XML文档。

The following example is a fragment from an XML schema called "family.xsd". It shows a declaration for the "person" element. By using the <any> element we can extend (after <lastname>) the content of "person" with any element:
下述案例是名为"family.xsd"的一份 XML Schema 片段。它指定了"person"元素的声明。通过使用<any>元素，我们可以在<lastname> 的后面扩充"person"元素内容中的任意元素：

<xs:element name="person">
  <xs:complexType>
    <xs:sequence>
      <xs:element name="firstname" type="xs:string"/>

      <xs:element name="lastname" type="xs:string"/>
      <xs:any minOccurs="0"/>
    </xs:sequence>
  </xs:complexType>

</xs:element>

Now we want to extend the "person" element with a "children" element. In this case we can do so, even if the author of the schema above never declared any "children" element.
现在，我们希望在"person"元素中添加一个"children"元素。虽然这篇schema的作者从未声明过什么"children"元素，但是，我们一样可以做到。

Look at this schema file, called "children.xsd":
请看下面这份名为"children.xsd"的schema文件：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>

<xs:schema xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
targetNamespace="http://www.w3schools.com"
xmlns="http://www.w3schools.com"
elementFormDefault="qualified">

<xs:element name="children">
  <xs:complexType>

    <xs:sequence>
      <xs:element name="childname" type="xs:string"
      maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
    </xs:sequence>

  </xs:complexType>
</xs:element>

</xs:schema>

The XML file below (called "Myfamily.xml"), uses components from two different schemas; "family.xsd" and "children.xsd":
下面这份名为"Myfamily.xml"的XML文件，使用了来自于 "family.xsd" 和 "children.xsd" 两篇不同schema的组件：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>

<persons xmlns="http://www.microsoft.com"

xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:SchemaLocation="http://www.microsoft.com family.xsd
http://www.w3schools.com children.xsd">

<person>
<firstname>Hege</firstname>
<lastname>Refsnes</lastname>

<children>
  <childname>Cecilie</childname>
</children>
</person>

<person>
<firstname>Stale</firstname>

<lastname>Refsnes</lastname>
</person>

</persons>

The XML file above is valid because the schema "family.xsd" allows us to extend the "person" element with an optional element after the "lastname" element.
上述XML文件是有效的，因为名为"family.xsd"的schema文件允许我们在"person"元素中的"lastname"元素后面扩充一个任意元素。

The <any> and <anyAttribute> elements are used to make EXTENSIBLE documents! They allow documents to contain additional elements that are not declared in the main XML schema.
<any> 和 <anyAttribute> 元素是用于创建可扩展文档的！它们允许文档中包含未在主体XML schema文件中声明过的其它新元素。

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The <any> Element
<any>元素